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Lending organizations for small businesses. Conditions for obtaining concessional loans. Location: Targeted loan from PJSC Russian Capital

In most Western European countries, you can live on unemployment benefits. If you get tired of endless spitting at the ceiling and have no desire to go to work - contact the bank, get a loan and open your own business from scratch. The main thing is the desire to work and earn. In Russia, unfortunately, desire alone is not enough yet, but some progress has already been made in this direction.

Business loan from scratch

Prior to the onset of a critical situation in the economy, domestic entrepreneurs were credited very willingly. Today the situation has changed for the worse and asking for money, having an absolute zero in your soul and nothing else, you most likely will not succeed.

Today they are issued to those who have independently stayed afloat for at least 6 months.

Even if you have been successfully working in the gray sector of the economy for some time, but switched to the official taxation system, even without submitting reports, the chances of being a borrower are very high. Here, the actual successful work experience in a particular area is important, as well as the availability of assets involved in the business in the form of equipment or working capital.

Small Business Development Loan

What conditions await legal entities, as well as individual entrepreneurs, in case of applying for a loan for small business development? For a change, consider instead of the proposals of Sberbank the conditions that are offered in a commercial bank in Moscow. This financial institution has a financial product called the Small Business Development Loan. The criteria for selecting borrowers are as follows:

  • The interest rate is determined on an individual basis, based on the creditworthiness of the borrower.
  • Submission of applications is available to individual entrepreneurs and legal entities in the form of LLC, CJSC and OJSC.
  • Required business experience of at least 9 months.
  • The enterprise must be located no further than 200 km from the credit department of the bank.
  • The loan term is up to 5 years.
  • The amount is not more than 150 million rubles.
  • Any valuable property belonging to a potential borrower is welcome as security for obligations.


Small business loans from the state 2015

Let's return to Sberbank, because when assessing the processes of lending to small businesses, one cannot do without analyzing the activities of this organization. The commercial institution takes an active position in supporting entrepreneurship in the country; loan products are provided under the additional guarantee of the Credit Guarantee Agency. As a result of this practice, the interest rate can be reduced by 1 to 4%, depending on the terms of the loan.

Small business loan from scratch from the state

Since cooperation with the Credit Guarantee Agency (AKG), Sberbank has already issued 138 loans for a total of 505 million rubles, which account for 264 million guarantee funds. In 2015, the country's main bank, with the participation of ACG, plans to "distribute" 60 billion rubles to small and medium-sized businesses.

Small Business Startup Loan

Recently, the state has seriously begun to support newcomers who develop high technologies and other necessary projects through the creation of start-ups. Newly minted entrepreneurs have access not only to loans on special terms, but also to consultations and valuable advice from qualified lawyers and financiers. In addition to access to concessional lending programs, talented entrepreneurs have access to such a form of financing as subsidies.

Sberbank small business loan from scratch

Sberbank lends to small businesses more actively than other commercial institutions, and its conditions are, perhaps, also the most favorable. We propose to consider the features of obtaining a loan in this particular structure. To apply for a loan, you need:

  • Contact the nearest branch of Sberbank for a list of required documents and return on time with prepared papers.
  • Stop your choice on the "Business Start" program - it has the most acceptable conditions for starting your own business.
  • Register with the State Tax Inspectorate as an individual entrepreneur and record the fact of registration in the EGRIP.
  • Will study the proposals of franchisors-partners of Sberbank.
  • Choose the right franchise.
  • Develop a competent business plan, which actually means for an individual entrepreneur to solve such organizational issues as finding and renting premises, developing a campaign to promote a product, etc.
  • Apply for a loan.
  • Prepare 30% of the requested amount for the first installment.

Loan for starting a business from scratch without collateral

Today, in the financial products market of the Russian Federation, the segment of loans for businesses from scratch without collateral is in the stage of stagnation, which is explained by the crisis in the economy. Commercial banks are extremely reluctant to take on risky transactions, so if collateral is not required, this is offset by additional guarantees in the form of higher rates and extended packages of documentation provided.

Loans to novice businessmen who do not want to follow the rules of the game set by the bank are practically not issued. As a result, many start-up entrepreneurs are looking for alternative sources of funding. The maintenance of such products is much more expensive, the payback of the business is sharply reduced, its development is hampered, which stops the growth rate of the economy in the country as a whole.

Small business loan without collateral

The phrase "business loan without collateral" often refers to the so-called microloans, which are offered by various alternative credit organizations. The cost of such a loan is from 1 to 3% daily (!). In terms of a period of 12 months, the amount of interest is from 360 to 1000%, but there is still a loan body! Microloans are considered extremely unprofitable and dangerous for business. Taking the risk of lending under such an expensive scheme only makes sense if you plan to use the funds and return them within a short period of time.

Hello! In this article, we will talk about lending to small and medium-sized businesses.

Today you will learn:

  1. What types of business loans exist;
  2. What documents need to be collected for their registration;
  3. What are the risks for businesses when obtaining loans.

For start-up entrepreneurs, lending is often the only option to get a large amount of funds for. This issue remains relevant for those who represent small and medium-sized businesses who need equipment, raw materials or business expansion.

Why are loans for business from scratch reluctantly issued?

The practice of issuing loans for businesses from scratch in the Russian Federation is small. In Western countries, lending of this type is more developed, the number of loans issued as a percentage is about 35%. In our country, this percentage ranges from 1.5 to 2.5%.

Why did such a situation arise? First of all, because starting a business is associated with great risks both for the entrepreneur himself and for creditors, and no one wants to lose their money.

In addition to the considered factor, the fact that the borrower does not have a credit history also affects the decision on lending. Also, a lot of young companies are closed, not even having time to prove themselves in business. Of course, lenders are wary of lending to such borrowers.

Which banks can get a business loan

In this part, we will consider those banking organizations that are ready to cooperate with entrepreneurs. We will also look at the terms of the loan.

Business loan at Sberbank

On on the official website of the bank, a whole section is dedicated to small businesses. The bank offers several key business products.

This list includes refinancing, lending for the purchase of equipment and machinery, unsecured loans for any purpose, and so on. The bank also developed a program to stimulate lending to small and medium-sized businesses.

As an example, consider a loan to replenish working capital. Credit "Business - Turnover» can be obtained on the following terms: the maximum loan term is 4 years, the interest rate is from 11.8% per annum, the minimum amount to receive is 150 thousand rubles.

This loan is provided to individual entrepreneurs and small businesses whose annual revenue does not exceed 400 million rubles. The official website also provides a complete list of documents that are necessary to obtain a loan. After the bank analyzes the financial and economic part of your business, a decision will be made on issuing a loan.

Business loans at Alfa-Bank

Now Alfa-Bank provides the Potok service, where entrepreneurs can get a loan for a business without collateral, collecting documents and online. You can find it on the official website of the project. Favorable conditions!

Also, for small businesses and individual entrepreneurs, the bank provides a so-called “spare wallet” in the form of an overdraft.

The terms of provision are as follows: an interest rate of 15 to 18% per annum, if you have not yet been a client of Alfa-Bank, you can count on an amount from 500,000 to 6 million rubles, but if you have cooperated with the bank before, the maximum loan amount will be 10 million rubles.

Also, for opening a limit, the bank takes a commission in the amount of 1% of the limit amount, but not less than 10 thousand rubles.

For medium-sized businesses, express lending and lending of the classical type are available. There are offers for business development loans, a loan secured by property rights and other offers.

As for credit conditions and interest rates, everything is calculated on an individual basis, taking into account the financial capabilities of the client, as well as his needs.

Business loan from scratch from Rosselkhozbank


The bank's official website contains sections dedicated to small and micro businesses, as well as medium and large ones. Looking at proposals for entrepreneurs, one can see, for example, lending for seasonal work, lending in order to fulfill government contracts.

For larger companies, loans are provided for current purposes, to finance foreign trade operations, and so on. An application for a loan can be filled out online; communication with a specialist at the bank is also provided by the type of callback.

This bank also participates in the state program to support small and medium-sized businesses.

Business loan at VTB

As in other credit institutions, the official website of the bank has a special section for business. Several loan programs are presented specifically for small businesses: express, revolving and investment lending programs.

In addition, loans are offered for business development, loans for the purchase of offices, warehouses and retail space, targeted loans with a grace period of up to six months, and a number of others.

The maximum lending terms for some loans are up to 10 years, interest rates are different - 13.5% (for the Business Mortgage loan), 11.8% for the Investment loan, and 11.8% for the Revolving loan and etc.

You can fill out an application on the website, a consultation with a bank specialist is also available.

The bank offers several types of business loans. Namely: overdraft, loans for the purchase of equipment that is produced in the Republic of Belarus, leasing, tender lending and other types.

The application is available on the official website, funds can be provided to small and medium-sized businesses, and loans are also available for individual entrepreneurs and large companies.

Tinkoff business

The list of documentation may include:

  • or EGRIP;
  • OGRN;
  • Tax return for a certain reporting period

After all the documents are provided and the bank makes a decision on lending, you will be scheduled a meeting, during which a loan agreement and an agreement on opening an account for your business will be signed.

It should be noted that the bank is really focused on small and medium-sized businesses.

What are the pros and risks of starting a business with a loan

The advantages and disadvantages of borrowing funds for running and developing a business will be discussed further.

Advantages:

  • financial issues are resolved quickly;
  • business can be expanded at any time;
  • with timely repayment of the loan, you can get benefits for other bank services;
  • lending can reduce the tax base.

Flaws:

  • the existence of an overpayment;
  • wasting time looking for a suitable banking organization;
  • you need to draw up a lot of documents;
  • there are age restrictions for borrowers;
  • property for collateral is valued lower than its market value.

The main danger lies in the fact that it is impossible to calculate the financial position of your company for several years ahead. Today, business is booming, repaying borrowed funds is not difficult, and in a year the situation may change radically. Especially in conditions of economic instability in the country as a whole.

This should be remembered and kept in mind before concluding a loan agreement.

Business lending rules

The rules for granting a loan are built in such a way that credit risks are minimized. Lending is always a risk for both the potential borrower and the lender. The risk borne by the borrower is, first of all, the inability to repay the loan and interest on time, which can lead to.

The risk of the lender is associated primarily with the terms of the loan. Whether the loan is long-term or short-term, this directly affects the levels of risk.

To minimize risks, lenders, before agreeing on a loan application, carry out the following activities:

  • They carefully study the borrower, his credit history (if the loan is not issued for the first time). Conduct an analysis of the economic and financial situation of the borrower;
  • They study the collateral offered by the borrower, internal and external sources, through which the loan can be repaid;
  • Analyze potential risks and ways to eliminate them.

Most banking organizations have developed special rules for lending to small and medium-sized businesses. These rules fix how to correctly assess the solvency of the borrower, how to develop his psychological portrait, how to reduce risks, and so on.

Securing a business loan

Loans can be obtained in several ways:

  • Provide a deposit;
  • Ensure the availability of guarantors;
  • Provide a written commitment.

If the loan is secured by collateral, then any property of the borrower passes to the lender for the period of use of the loan funds. This pledge can be realized by the creditor if the funds belonging to him are not returned on time.

But if the borrower is declared bankrupt, the claims of other creditors cannot apply to this pledge.

The collateral can be: property, securities, real estate, any goods.

When a written obligation acts as collateral for a loan, then most often it is a bill of exchange. The one who owns the bill of exchange has the full right to demand the return of funds from the person who issued this bill.

As for loan guarantors, they are necessary when the borrower's income level is clearly insufficient to obtain the required amount.

Business Loan Classification

There are several types of business loans. In addition, every year banking organizations offer more and more services for those who do business. The main thing is to use them correctly.

Venture lending.

It is usually used if business is planned in the field related to scientific technology. Such loans are made for a long period and at high interest rates. But in this case, no one will simply give any guarantees.

The risk here is maximum, since the investments made may simply not pay off, because projects related to science are not initially successful.

Overdraft.

This is a loan that an entrepreneur can use if he needs additional funds for a short period of time. A banking organization lends to an entrepreneur if he does not have money. This is done to pay bills.

Its difference from a conventional loan is that all the money that will be credited to the borrower's account will be directed to repayment.

Commodity lending.

The scheme is simple: the borrower is provided with the equipment that is necessary for the full-fledged business.

Universal lending.

This type is distinguished by democratic conditions, which means it is most popular with entrepreneurs. The funds received can be spent on any activity that brings profit.

Commercial mortgage.

There is no need to explain much here. After all, inventory and equipment need to be stored somewhere, this is quite logical. The pledge in this case is that. You will not make payments - the lender will put the property up for auction.

Investment loan.

Pretty interesting financial instrument. The bank gives you money not only for development, but also for increasing production capacity. Such a loan is approved only after a thorough check, which will show that you can pay it off.

You will be required for a loan , in which you need to justify that by making an investment in the amount of 100,000 rubles, you can get 2 million rubles of profit.

Factoring.

– Financing of a specific type.

Let's explain with an example: you borrow a tractor from a salon that sells agricultural machinery. And then you go to the bank for it to redeem your debt. Otherwise, it is called debt assignment.

Leasing.

What is leasing, you can. In short, this is, or real estate, which implies a subsequent redemption.

Example: you rent a lathe from a bank, pay monthly rental payments, and at the same time buy the machine into your property.

Reverse lending.

In other words, a loan for current activities. Money in this case is issued to acquire fixed assets or replenish existing ones. Fixed assets are assets that are used in the course of business, but not consumed.

Refinancing.

It is used to close other loan obligations, as well as to optimize conditions. For example: it is much more profitable to buy a machine at 4% than at 24%.

What documents do you need to provide

To get a loan for a business, you will have to collect the necessary documentation package. All documents that confirm the solvency of the entrepreneur must be provided.

The list of documentation in different banks may vary slightly, but in general it is as follows:

  • Application for a loan, which indicates the amount of the loan, its purpose, contains a description of the collateral, as well as the loan term;
  • Constituent documents of the company in the form of copies;
  • Loss and profit reporting;

It should be noted that in all documents that the bank will request, the information must be relevant and relevant to reality. All certificates, certificates must be valid.

If you want to get an investment loan, submit a business plan to the bank.

Banking organizations working with small and medium-sized businesses carefully and rigorously approach the verification of the documentation provided. Pledges are also under strict control. If the certificate says that the company has 100 new tractors on its balance sheet, your task is to make sure that the loan officer sees them. And all 100.

But now we will pay special attention to credit history. Everyone knows that it is stored in the Credit Bureau for a long time. Therefore, it is not worth arguing for a long time about how late payments affect the ability to get a new loan. Even if the debt is repaid, it is impossible to hide the information that it was at all.

Everyone involved in the transaction must have impeccable credit histories: the guarantors (if any), the entrepreneur himself, the owner of the LLC or an individual entrepreneur.

If an entrepreneur is only planning, it is easier for him to get a loan as an individual. This method is not ideal, since a loan for a large amount can only be obtained by providing expensive property (for example, an apartment) as a pledge to the bank.

With the money received, you can buy a ready-made business or a franchise. If a large amount of funds is not needed, you can get by with consumer lending.

The volume of loans issued to small businesses in 2016

According to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, in 2016, loans to small and medium-sized businesses were issued in the amount of 4,691,331 billion rubles.

First you need to choose the most suitable credit organization for you. But it is best to try to use the lending service in the bank in which the entrepreneur has a current account. In this case, it is quite possible to get a reduced interest rate and an increased credit limit.

There is also the possibility of obtaining preferential loans, funds for which the state allocates.

The participants of such a program can be:

  • Entrepreneurs who are just starting their business;
  • Those who carry out their activities in the field of ecological tourism;
  • Entrepreneurs who are engaged in any kind of production and so on.

This list is not exhaustive, we have given only the most common areas of activity.

Finding a guarantor is the next step in getting a good loan. If you don't need it, great, but it definitely won't be superfluous.

It also does not hurt to decide how you want to get a loan: in cash or to an account or card.

At the same time, any entrepreneur must remember: if he cannot fulfill his obligations under the loan, he will be responsible for them not only with all the property of the company, but also personal.

What to look out for when choosing a loan

Small and medium business in the Russian Federation is supported by the state. That is why special loan offers for entrepreneurs are being developed. In particular, those that imply a deferred payment.

But everyone is well aware that completely free cheese is only in a mousetrap. Therefore, below are a few simple recommendations, following which will help to avoid misunderstandings and problems when concluding a loan agreement.

  1. Analyze information on lending conditions in different banks. Conditions can really differ, as well as interest rates, and the differences can be significant. Therefore, do not be lazy to compare.
  2. Make payments according to the schedule. Never delay making payments, but paying more than the schedule is also not always profitable. In any case, the bank writes off only the amount of the monthly payment, the rest of the money simply lies in your account.
  3. Read the contract carefully. Focus on the following points: does the banking organization have the right to change the terms of the agreement unilaterally (increase the% rate), are there any restrictions on repaying the loan ahead of time, how the bank collects the loan debt (if any).
  4. Remember: the bank is not a charitable foundation, everything that you have taken will have to be paid back with interest, and it doesn’t matter if you are an individual or a big businessman.

Business without credit

In this part of the article, we will talk about where to get money to create a business and at the same time avoid credit obligations.

Option 1. Use the money that you have accumulated yourself.

By the way, the most banal of the existing ones. It is clear that in this case you need to come up with, as well as some of this money, but in general, the method is not the worst.

Option 2. Borrow from friends or family.

If there are people who are ready to help with money, you can use this, but there is a high risk of spoiling relations with them if you suddenly fail to give everything on time.

Option 3. Find an investor.

They are also called. They can be one person or several. All that is required of you is to provide a business plan and prove that your idea will be profitable in the future.

Option 4. Get a grant.

To do this, you must already be either . In addition, the conditions for obtaining are different in different regions of the country. Another difficulty is the passage of a competitive selection to receive this type of support.

Option 5. Use crowdfunding.

In the case of money for business, they collect from citizens, and the amount can be any, even 50 rubles. Usually, the collection takes place through special sites, where anyone can declare a collection and anyone has the right to deposit a certain amount of money.

In the Russian Federation, such platforms operate. Most of all, this option is suitable for those whose business has a pronounced social orientation, or is associated with art, music, and so on. Also on such sites, projects related to the production and sale of original goods are successful.

Option 6. Apply for a subsidy.

The downside is that the subsidy program is not valid in all regions of the country. Therefore, its availability must be clarified at your place of residence. And in order to get it, you need to provide a justification and a business plan, which is defended before the commission.

Option 7. Find a business partner who can invest his own funds in the common cause.

As a rule, if cooperation is just beginning, people divide all the profits received into equal halves. Although, if desired, the business can be divided.

All the options that we have considered have a right to exist. Moreover, there are entrepreneurs who have built a successful business without attracting credit funds. For example, Sergei Galitsky, director of the Magnit network. He began his career with work in the office work department of one of the banks in Krasnodar. As a result, his fortune today is 4 billion dollars.

How justified is lending when opening and developing a business

This question is certainly interesting. Although it can hardly be answered unambiguously. It is clear that if you understand little about economics and doing business, taking a loan is almost suicidal. You will simply make a big and long-term problem, the solution of which will be delayed for more than one year.

If it is possible to use other options for raising funds for the business, in addition to a loan, it is better to use them.

On the other hand, there are situations when loans really help to take a business to another level, and sometimes just save it. This applies more to a business that is already functioning and brings a certain profit. At the expense of borrowed funds, it is possible to cover the debts that have arisen, increase production capacity, upgrade equipment, purchase an office or warehouse space.

A number of experts believe that you can take a loan only to expand your business, but not to open it. That is, if you see that the business has room to grow and develop, then you can take a loan, in other cases you should think twice before applying to a bank for a loan.

Conclusion

Lending to small and medium-sized businesses is a financial instrument that can breathe life into a new project. But you need to understand that we receive other people's money as a loan, and we will have to give our hard-earned money, also with interest.

Therefore, before deciding on a loan, you need to carefully weigh the pros and cons, but it is better to contact specialists who can calculate all the risks and advise how to avoid them.

Creating a business from scratch in Moscow has become an affordable reality, thanks to profitable offers from financial institutions. The Creditnatok service describes the best Moscow MFIs and Russian banks that provide loans to small businesses. Using their services is a sure start of bringing your business ideas to life.

Most financial companies provide material support to clients by offering to take out a loan to start a small business on favorable terms for them. By applying to an MFI for financial assistance, you can be sure that your start-up and the further development of your own business will have a stable material basis.

Starting a Medium Business: What Do You Need?

Starting your own business depends on the type of individual activity you choose. Creating any startup from scratch requires a detailed business plan, including capital investment calculations. You can choose anything as a type of activity: beauty salon services, trading through an online store, passenger and freight transportation, etc. In any case, it will be difficult to launch a startup without funds. The question is, where can a novice entrepreneur get money to create and implement his project? Our answer is to take a loan through the online service "Creditznatok".

Advantages of cooperation with MFIs that issue loans for the development of small and medium-sized businesses:

  • minimum package of documents;
  • service speed;
  • service mobility (online consultations);
  • a wide range of amounts needed to develop a business from scratch;
  • the possibility of choosing the duration of the contract;
  • loyal money back conditions.

How to choose a loan to start your own business?

Loan conditions may vary. They depend on the personal wishes of a novice private entrepreneur, the estimates in the business plan, the profitability of the business at its initial stage. All financial institutions provide funds for starting a business from scratch only in national currency.

When choosing a financial firm, it is important to consider whether the organization you have chosen has the service of extending the term of the loan agreement for starting up your business. An equally important nuance in choosing the right company that is ready to “sponsor” your own business is the time it takes to process your application. The average turnaround time for a decision on your request for a loan to start your business is 1-3 business days.

Leading MFIs of the Russian Federation offer loans on loyal terms:

  • the amount that can be received "on hand": 50 thousand - 24 million rubles;
  • loan repayment terms: 6-120 months;
  • interest rate: 10%-45%;
  • documents required to be presented: constituent, personal.

Do you want to get a loan to create a profitable business? We recommend that you carefully read the detailed descriptions of the companies presented on the page. To start your own business from scratch as soon as possible, leave an application on the site right now. A loan for start-up entrepreneurs, issued on our service, is a unique way to fulfill your dream.

The volume of loans to small and medium-sized businesses in Russia in 2017 increased by 15% against the backdrop of lower rates and preferential state programs, Expert RA found out. Since the crisis of 2014, SME lending has been declining for three years

Photo: Kirill Kukhmar / Kommersant

Signs of life

In 2017, Russian banks issued 6.1 trillion rubles to small and medium enterprises. loans - this is 15% more than in 2016, according to a study by the Expert RA rating agency (available from RBC), dedicated to lending to small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). The sector shows growth for the first time since 2013, the volume of issuance is the largest in three years, however, lending to SMEs in Russia has not yet reached pre-crisis levels: at the end of 2013, SMEs were issued 8.1 trillion rubles. loans.

Based on the data of the Central Bank, the SME loan portfolio in the Russian banking sector has been declining for the fourth year in a row - minus 7% in 2017 (to 4.2 billion). But Expert RA calculated that the negative dynamics is due to changes in the register of small and medium-sized businesses in August 2017. Because of this, more than 600 thousand organizations, some of them with a loan burden, are no longer considered SMEs. If not for this circumstance, the loan portfolio for the first time since 2014 would also have grown - up to 4.9 trillion rubles, the authors of the study calculated. The volume of the loan portfolio is less than the volume of loans issued due to the predominance of loans for up to one year in the SME market.

The Expert RA study is based on the official statistics of the Central Bank, the results of a survey of banks, as well as in-depth interviews with participants in the SME lending market (representatives of 47 banks were interviewed).

What kind of business in Russia is classified as small and medium

There is a legislative definition for small and medium-sized businesses in Russia. Up to 15 people should work in micro-enterprises, up to 100 in small ones, and from 100 to 250 people in medium-sized ones. For inclusion in the SME group, there are restrictions on revenue - 120 million, 800 million and 2 billion rubles. for micro, small and medium enterprises, respectively.

The main reason for the upward trend in the lending market for small and medium-sized businesses is the decrease in interest rates on loans for this category of enterprises. The weighted average rate on long-term loans in this sector decreased from 14.2% to 10.9% over the year, for short-term loans (up to one year) - from 14.8% to 12.4%.

In addition, in 2017, individual entrepreneurs received access to the already existing state program for lending to SMEs (at 6.5% per annum). Finally, the government approved a new program under which loans to SMEs operating in priority sectors will be subsidized from the federal budget at 6.5% per annum (now real rates of preferential loans are 9.6-10.6% - a preferential rate plus a bank margin in the amount of 3-4 p.p.). Priority sectors include agriculture, manufacturing, construction, transport, communications, tourism, healthcare and waste management.

According to Expert RA, not only the volume of lending has increased, but also the number of submitted and approved applications for SME loans. The first indicator is growing by 1.5 times for the second year in a row (based on a survey conducted by the rating agency among banks), and the number of actually concluded contracts in 2017 also increased by 1.5 times after a decrease a year earlier.


Market for state banks

Considering that state programs remain the main driver of SME lending growth, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for banks that are not among the largest to compete in the loan market for large enterprises. At the end of 2017, the share of SME loans issued by banks from the top 30 by assets reached a historical maximum of 66% (in monetary terms, the SME loan portfolio of the largest banks amounted to 2.8 trillion rubles). The total volume of loans issued by banks from the top 30 to small and medium-sized enterprises in 2017 showed an explosive growth - plus 34%, to 4 trillion rubles. (there has been no such dynamics since 2011).

Sberbank became the leader in SME lending in 2017 - the largest Russian bank virtually single-handedly ensured the growth of the sector in 2017 (excluding Sberbank's performance, the total portfolio of SME loans would have decreased by 14%). The State Bank increased its SME loan portfolio by 17%, and the volume of disbursements by 60%. Also, the top 5 largest creditors of small companies in 2017 included VTB, Moscow Industrial Bank, Bank Saint Petersburg and Alfa-Bank. Mosoblbank (four times), Rossiyskiy Kapital (plus 174%) and SMP Bank (plus 104%) were the fastest to increase their loan portfolio.

In the case of small banks, the situation is just the opposite. Over the year, the volume of loans issued to SMEs decreased by 9% (to 2.1 trillion rubles), the loan portfolio - by 24%, to 1.4 trillion rubles. (at least since 2011).

There are several reasons for the leadership of large banks - they more often participate in state support programs and are more active than small banks in offering preferential terms for refinancing debts to SME borrowers.

What they borrow and when they will return

In 2017, more than half (51%) of loans issued to small and medium-sized businesses were in the trade sector. Banks traditionally lend to this sector most willingly, Expert RA notes. Small enterprises in the manufacturing industry and construction accounted for 14% of loans, 6% for insurance and financial SMEs. Agriculture in the overall structure of SME lending looks modest (share 3%), however, Expert RA survey participants note the intensification of lending to this industry, and some banks (VTB24, Ak Bars, Raiffeisenbank) increased the share of loans in this direction by 49- 68%.

Basically, small companies borrow for a short period (up to a year) - they need money to finance working capital and eliminate cash gaps. However, as Expert RA notes, in 2017 the share of loans for investment projects to small and medium-sized businesses (that is, for a period of more than three years) exceeded pre-crisis figures, reaching 18% of total lending.

SMEs are still the most unreliable borrowers. The share of overdue debt in the SME loan portfolio is 14.9%. This is much higher than retail loans (7%) and loans to large businesses (5%). They do not repay debts mainly to banks that are not in the top 30 - their share of overdue debt in this group reaches 21.7% (it increased by 6 percentage points over the year).

Growth will continue

"Expert RA" predicts that with a stable oil price, inflation and in the context of continued reduction of the key rate of the Central Bank, the SME loan portfolio in 2018 will grow by 15%, to 4.9 trillion rubles. (The agency takes data from official statistics of the Central Bank as a base). At the same time, banks will not rush to soften lending conditions: only 14% of banks from the participants in the Expert RA survey are ready to take such a step. The rest are either not going to change approaches to assessing borrowers (57%), or will tighten them (29%).

The main growth in SME lending in 2018 will come from large banks, which will increase credit limits for the highest quality borrowers, Alexander Saraev, managing director for banking ratings at Expert RA, told RBC. The group of SME borrowers with an average level of risk, with which medium and small credit institutions traditionally work, will continue to experience a significant limitation in borrowed resources. With reduced risk appetite for medium and small banks, the funding gap for a broad range of SMEs can be expected to widen, Saraev said, despite overall market growth.

The SME lending market has prospects only for companies with sufficient and stable account turnover, says Fitch senior analyst Alexander Danilov. Only in this way can the banks that serve these companies more or less reliably assess their solvency, while their reporting is not informative. “It will be problematic for clients from the street to get a loan - banks are reluctant to do this, because it is difficult to assess the risks,” Danilov clarifies.

RBC interviewed representatives of Russian banks with a capital of 200 billion rubles. on their assessment of the prospects for the SME lending market. The leader in lending to the sector, Sberbank, in 2018 is going to increase the portfolio of SME loans from the current 1.3 trillion rubles. for 250 billion rubles. To do this, the bank plans to develop online lending and credit analysis technologies based on the use of big data. The bank's press service noted that Sberbank launched online lending to small businesses in March. Other banks that responded to RBC's request (Promsvyazbank, Uralsib, SMP Bank) predicted that the SME lending market will grow, and they do not intend to change their approaches to assessing the quality of a borrower. “We expect that by the end of 2018, rates on SME loans may fall. The reason for this will be the reduction of rates by the Central Bank. As a result, the growth of lending to the SME segment in 2018 will continue and reach the level of 9-10%,” predicts Kirill Tikhonov, Vice President and Managing Director for Small Business Development at Promsvyazbank. Lending to SMEs will grow due to "improving the situation in the Russian economy" and reducing interest rates on loans, he said.

Many entrepreneurs decide to expand their business. But in this case, there may be a lack of funds to achieve the goal. Banks offer to issue a business development loan for LLC. You just need to choose the most optimal program with suitable conditions and requirements.

If you need to get a loan for business development, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the programs of several banks. Better yet, consult a professional consultant who will help you choose the best conditions. An equally important task is to familiarize yourself with the contract, which specifies the terms of the transaction.

Features of small business lending

A company registered as an LLC cannot issue a consumer loan compared to an individual entrepreneur. Therefore, they have little choice. But banks are constantly releasing new programs. The main requirement is the activity of the company. It must be carried out for at least 6 months, otherwise the application will be refused.

The organization provides an opportunity to use a credit line, which will increase with expenses. This is an unsecured loan. Even during the crisis period, banking institutions provide loans to the population. The bank usually does not lend to large enterprises without collateral and guarantors.

Types of loans for LLC

Usually lending is carried out with a smaller amount and a higher percentage. Then credit organizations will present the division of the amounts. The first can be issued without collateral, and the second must be secured. The loans themselves are divided into the following types:

  • Overdraft. Transfer of the approved amount to the borrower's current account. You can pay the debt by depositing funds into the current account. Money is debited automatically. The goal is to support the turnover of the company. The money can be spent to eliminate shortages in the cash register, payment turnover. Funds can go to the budget. This loan option is considered the most profitable. Interests are fixed and differentiated. Repayment is automatic.
  • Credit line. Used for business expansion. The credit line can be revolving and non-revolving. Typically, these loans are used to purchase new funds. Purchase of raw materials is possible. Financial institutions lend in non-cash form. Funds are spent in whole or in part. A non-targeted program is used, but a credit institution can control spending.
  • Investment loan. To expand the enterprise or the need to purchase equipment, you can apply for such a loan. But the conditions for it are more stringent compared to other loans. It is necessary to collect a lot of documents, as well as create an investment plan that reflects ways to increase income.

A credit institution may require the first payment of 30-40%. The loan period is 15 years. If the company has been operating not so long ago, then there may be a refusal. Loans are not issued with a zero balance. Sometimes a deposit is required.

Conditions

A business development loan for an LLC is issued at Sberbank, VTB 24, Alfa-Bank and other financial institutions. Each program has its own terms and conditions. It is possible to issue loans secured, surety or without providing security.

Banks offer loans up to 5 million rubles at a rate of 14.5 to 17%. Often, businessmen are offered state programs and registration through large institutions of the Russian Federation.

Receipt

How to get a loan for business development? To do this, you need to go through several stages:

  1. Contact a bank that has valid accounts.
  2. Apply for a loan.
  3. Collect documentation.
  4. Upon approval, read the terms and conditions.
  5. Sign documents and receive money.

If you contact a bank that does not have accounts, the institution may require you to transfer all or part of the funds.

Where to apply?

Loans for small and medium businesses are provided by different banks. The amounts and rates for each client may be different:

  • Sberbank - up to 5 million rubles from 16%;
  • Alfa-Bank - up to 6 million rubles at 17%;

  • Raiffeisen Bank - up to 4.5 million rubles, and the rate is set individually;
  • VTB 24 - up to 4 million rubles from 14.5%;
  • "Bank of Moscow" up to 150 million rubles at an individual rate.

Sberbank

Sberbank offers business loans, where all entrepreneurs can apply. Programs are valid for representatives of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as for large corporate clients. The bank offers several programs secured, surety and without collateral.

The amount can reach up to 5 million rubles. The rate is 16-19.5% per year. Loans are provided for various purposes: reconstruction, purchase of fixed assets, expansion.

Government program

Not everyone knows that there are various business support programs for which you can apply for subsidies to develop your business. Support can be returnable or non-refundable. Not everyone can get this kind of funding. Socially-oriented, industrial, agricultural, business projects enjoy the advantage.

The number of jobs, the usefulness of products or services are taken into account. It is also important to evaluate the originality, profitability and payback period of the project. Working programs and conditions for participation in them are issued on the official websites of the city.

The application is free of charge, so every organization can try. If you prepare an appropriate business plan, then it is realistic to receive funds from the state. More preference is given to entrepreneurs who already have an established business with a steady income.

How to apply?

Loans for small and medium-sized businesses are issued within a few days. It depends on the conditions and requirements, for example, when obtaining a loan with collateral.

Obtaining a loan for an LLC is usually carried out with the provision of liquid collateral or the invitation of a guarantor. Otherwise, the loan will be denied.

From scratch

Loans are issued for business development from scratch, but it is quite difficult to arrange them. Banks impose strict requirements on borrowers:

  • making a profit by the enterprise;
  • company registration for at least 6 months-1 year.

Business start-ups are often automatically rejected for loans. The way out in this situation is to issue a consumer loan to an individual, providing property as collateral. Loans for business development from scratch are also issued with guarantors.

Without collateral

Getting a loan for an LLC without collateral is quite difficult. Borrowers should remember that some institutions, for example, Sberbank, VTB, provide such loans, but the rate will be quite high. The condition for the execution of such a transaction is the guarantee of the business owners.

Requirements

A business development loan for an LLC is provided subject to several requirements:

  • staff - no more than 100 people;
  • profit per year - up to 400 million rubles;
  • the income of micro-organizations is 60 million rubles, and the staff - no more than 15;
  • registration in the Russian Federation;
  • business legality;
  • age 23-65 years;
  • positive credit history;
  • good financial turnover.

Documentation

An application is required to obtain a business development loan for an LLC. The documents may differ depending on whether the person is a bank client or not. Regular borrowers must provide recent financial statements, collateral papers, and guarantors.

If the client does not use the services of the bank, then he must prepare constituent, registration documents. You will also need a card with sample signatures of persons who have the right to sign. We need their passports, TIN. The list of documents is sometimes extended.

Sum

A business development loan for an LLC is issued in the amount of 3-5 million rubles. But some institutions, for example, the Bank of Moscow, issue large sums. The condition is the solvency of the company and the fulfillment of obligations that are assumed when signing loan documents.

Rates

Interest on loans for all clients is determined for each client individually. The fee for using loans depends on several factors:

  • solvency;
  • funding period;
  • loan currency;
  • existence of a pledge or surety.

Base rates are now 14.5-17% per year. And according to preferential programs from the state, 10% is valid.

Timing

Under standard programs, loans are issued for up to 3 years. Sometimes there is a longer crediting time. Early repayment is also possible, but you need to immediately find out if there is an additional commission for this.

Redemption

The loan is repaid in equal or differentiated installments. Sometimes individual repayment scheme options are possible. The transfer is made from a current account to a credit account. In case of untimely payment by the bank, a delay is accrued, and the credit rating is also lowered.

Advantages and disadvantages

A business loan has its advantages:

  • withdrawal from circulation of funds is not required;
  • it is possible to obtain a loan without collateral;
  • You can become a member of the state program by issuing a preferential loan.

But it should be borne in mind that banks in the field of lending work only with proven businessmen. Borrowers must confirm solvency, open current, deposit accounts, corporate cards for the company. Only then is a loan possible.