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How to get a business loan. How to get a loan to open a business in a bank? Loan for starting a business VTB24

Lending programs for small and medium-sized businesses now exist in almost every major bank. For individual entrepreneurs and legal entities, not just money is offered, but targeted programs developed taking into account the needs of business owners and the characteristics of the field of activity.

What loans can be obtained for opening and developing a business in Moscow

Small and medium-sized businesses are offered several targeted programs:

  • loan for current expenses: money is provided for any purpose;
  • , for the implementation of expenditure operations and an increase in inventory;
  • for the acquisition of commercial real estate and land;

Loan programs differ in the form of receipt. Many banks have express lending, which allows you to urgently receive funds without guarantors and with a minimum package of documents.

A target loan can be issued by both novice businessmen and owners of long-standing enterprises. Especially for start-ups, banks offer loans to small businesses from scratch. As part of this program, you can buy a franchise, a ready-made enterprise, and also receive funding for the development of a business developed according to your own business plan.

Small business loans - conditions and requirements

Conditions vary depending on the bank and the purpose of the loan. Lenders consider applications from owners of enterprises with annual revenues of up to 400 million rubles. Special requirements are put forward in relation to the duration of the company. The business should not be less than 3 months old (in some banks - at least 6-12 months).

Conditions depend on the loan program:

  • rates from 11% per annum;
  • a business loan from scratch in Moscow can only be obtained with a guarantor or on bail;
  • term - up to 5 years;
  • when purchasing commercial real estate, vehicles and equipment, an initial payment is required.

To get a loan to buy a business in Moscow, you will need to collect an extensive package of papers:

  • personal documents of the business owner (passport, TIN);
  • reports on the financial activities of the enterprise;
  • founding documents.

If a loan is issued to open a business, then the borrower must provide a business plan and documents on registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. When choosing a loan program, you should proceed from the goals, requirements of banks and your capabilities. The loan calculator will help you quickly calculate the monthly payment, percentage and amount of overpayment.

Sometimes, a person comes home from work in the evening and realizes that he will not return there tomorrow. It comes to the realization that there is strength and desire to become the master of your own life. At this moment, the search for a profitable business begins, which, in addition to money, will also bring independence from the employer.

The main question, after choosing a field of activity, is where to get the required amount. The increased demand for loans to start a business has led most banks to develop business loan programs for individual entrepreneurs from scratch.

Before looking for a suitable bank, you must:

  • Choose which line of business is most profitable for you, in demand by the consumer, what you understand. Find out who your competitors are, in what quantity, what advantages are in their offers. See what segment of the population will be your consumer. Find the right suppliers. Compare by seasons, as usual, the product / service is being promoted. All this in economics is called SWOT-analysis.
  • The main enemy of a novice entrepreneur is optimism in forecasts. Therefore, it is important to calculate the risks and the most unfavorable outcome.
  • Calculate in detail all expenses and estimated income for the first 3 months of the start of activity. This includes the wages of employees.
  • Find a premise that suits the chosen line of business. Pre-negotiate the lease.
  • Compose all calculations and business reasoning and draw up a detailed business plan.
  • Collect at least 20% of the amount needed to start.
  • Create an IP.

Standard conditions of banks when issuing a loan for starting a business

The requirements are the following:

  • positive ;
  • availability of own funds about 20% of the required amount;
  • guarantees in the form of collateral real estate are welcome;
  • having a business plan;
  • guarantors;
  • a positive characteristic of the entrepreneur;
  • IP documents;
  • solvency guarantees (certificates from work, bank statements, etc.)

Which banks offer loans when creating an IP from scratch

The vast majority of banks provide an individual entrepreneur with a loan at least 3 months after the start of activities on favorable terms.

Only one bank now allows itself to lend to a business from scratch. The main and so far unique in its proposals is Sberbank of the Russian Federation.

The rest of the credit organizations meet the needs of entrepreneurs who have been successfully working for at least 3 months. Offers for representatives of small and medium-sized businesses that have already started their activities are very attractive and extensive, ranging from acquiring and salary cards, financing an organization for the purchase of fixed assets to investing in business development.

Sberbank RF

Probably the most interesting and profitable offers for 2017, it is with this bank. Now Sberbank offers loans for up to 3 million rubles.

The priority is the franchise. This type of business contains a minimum of risks, since the brand has already been promoted and all questions on starting a business have proven answers.

The bank cooperates with dozens of companies that are ready to sell a business on a turnkey basis with a developed business plan, calculated risks and full information about the technical details.

Leasing - if your business is related to transportation or construction, then you can use the Sberbank leasing program and take commercial, construction, agricultural or other special equipment, cars.

In some cases, the availability of transport or a fleet of vehicles is already lending to a business. Sberbank Leasing is a company with 25 years of successful experience.

There are currently two programs:

Offered by this bank, it does not require you to specify the purpose of receipt. You can use the collateral or unsecured program. Standard package of documents. When you receive such a loan, no one will know why you take it. You can start a business from scratch with such a loan, if the loan amount and your savings are sufficient for this.

Sberbank, like any other financial and credit organization, is interested in borrowers being able to make payments on time and in full. Therefore, it offers several dozen ready-made business plans that are guaranteed to bring profit. In addition, the bank's policy turned towards combining lending with education. Most novice businessmen are in dire need of increased knowledge.

The Business Start program includes free training for aspiring entrepreneurs. The bank both teaches and helps to choose the right direction in business.

To make it easier for a beginner to adapt to the new conditions for managing their own business and not become bankrupt, in the very first months of work, ready-made, developed and tested schemes and brands are offered. This is the essence of the franchise. Under such a program, an individual entrepreneur can be issued after the bank approves the loan.

  • during the previous 3 months, the person should not have had a business;
  • the age of the borrower is 20-60 years;
  • guarantor - 21-60 years old, provides a 2-NDFL certificate or a tax return;
  • loan amount 100 thousand - 3 million rubles, at the request of the client, for a period not exceeding 3.5 years at 17.5% or more;
  • the first installment is more than 40%.

Requirements:

  • rent and repair of premises;
  • purchase of equipment;
  • advertising.

Sberbank now acts as a lender, teacher, mentor and intermediary between aspiring entrepreneurs and large companies ready to start small businesses. If you need an integrated approach to your undertaking and want guarantees of success, Sberbank is for you.

Alfa Bank

One of the first banks practicing fast lending to small and medium-sized businesses from scratch.

If the amount you need is less than 150 thousand rubles, then it will take 3 hours to apply for paperwork, open debit and credit cards. And the required amount will be transferred to your Alfa-Bank card.

There are several offers this year. Basically, in order to reduce risks, the bank finances a business from scratch only in the amount of up to 100 thousand rubles. And up to 50 thousand rubles. available in even shorter timeframes.

In other cases, the following conditions and requirements must be met:

  • guarantee of spouses;
  • the age of the borrower is 22-60 years;
  • the presence of an active current account in Alfa-Bank;
  • IP operating for more than six months.

Lending to an already registered individual entrepreneur under the "Partner" program:

  • without collateral, if the IP has been registered for more than 1 year;
  • 500 thousand - 6 million rubles;
  • term - from 13 months to 3 years;
  • interest rate - 12.5% ​​subject to the bank's standard terms and conditions. In other cases - 17.5% - 19.5%, depending on the period for which the loan was taken;
  • without collateral;
  • issued only if there is an account in this bank.

This rate is valid if the loan repayment period is 13 months.

  • considered 2 days;
  • up to 40 million rubles;
  • term - no more than 4 years.

Loan for IP from scratch:

  • term - up to 7 years;
  • interest rate - 11.99%;
  • amount - up to 3 million rubles;
  • without collateral, guarantors.

Consumer loan in cash:

  • rate - from 15.99% to 24.99%, depending on the loan amount and maturity;
  • without guarantors and collateral;
  • amount - from 50 thousand to 1 million rubles;
  • loan term 1-5 years;
  • without insurance.

Applications can be submitted online through the official website of Alfa-Bank.

A personal visit to the office with all the documents in such a serious matter will bring more benefits and increase the likelihood of success. Loyal bank, always meets the needs of a potential client.

Bank Tinkoff

It offers a number of programs for entrepreneurs, where the main advantage is the ability to carry out all operations online, via the Internet anywhere in the world.

The standard offer of this bank for small businesses:

  • interest rate 20-30%;
  • the amount of 3 thousand - 200 thousand rubles;
  • term 3 months. - 3 years

Requirements:

  • passport;
  • IP registration document;
  • statement;
  • the presence of guarantors or collateral (will reduce the interest rate).

Far Eastern Bank

  • interest rate - from 12.5%;
  • amount - up to 100 million rubles;
  • secured by real estate, which covers the cost of the loan;
  • or third party (legal) guarantee.
  • cashless payments;
  • in case of early repayment, the rate is reduced by 1%.

Other offers

Raiffeisenbank offers several business programs, including Classic-Light secured by property with an individual interest rate. But IP must already exist.

In fact, loans for individual entrepreneurs from scratch in all banks, except for Sberbank of the Russian Federation, are offered in the form of a regular consumer loan. And they act according to a standard package of documents.

Zapsibcombank issues loans for the purchase of fixed assets at 12.8% per annum.

Rosselkhozbank - the program "Lending to SMEs" at 11% per annum in the amount of more than 50 million rubles. up to three years.

AK Bars Bank issues loans for 3 years at 15.8% under SME-Investments.

A bank with suitable lending conditions must be chosen by carefully considering each offer.

Having compiled a list of the most promising ones, consider all programs and apply immediately for all credit institutions that you have chosen. After several banks approve a loan for you, choose the one where it will be beneficial for you to cooperate in the future.

How to get a loan for business development

You can apply for a loan online. Apply without leaving home. If approved, the employees themselves call back, clarify the nuances, offer to appear with a package of documents (they dictate the entire list) at the bank branch closest to you.

The easiest way to find money to start a business is to get a regular consumer loan. This applies to the situation if you do not intend to apply to Sberbank of Russia, the IP has not yet been registered.

Banks will issue you a loan, as a consumer, on general terms for any program convenient for you. Not all banks need to state the purpose of the loan.

The conditions and requirements for consumer loan borrowers of all financial and credit organizations rarely differ from each other.

The main requirements for a consumer loan borrower are:

  • the presence of a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation with registration (not always);
  • documents confirming financial stability, solvency;
  • guarantors (most often the closest relatives);
  • secured property (depending on the amount of the loan).

Getting a loan for a start-up entrepreneur differs in requirements.

Credit for IP with zero reporting

Zero reporting is submitted by those organizations that did not start their activities, suspended it for a while. This means that for a certain amount of time the company did not receive income from its work.

Loans in such situations are issued quite difficult. In such a situation, one cannot do without collateral and guarantors with guarantees of financial condition. Banks consider several reasons why an organization may have zero reporting:

  • The IP has not started its activity yet;
  • a company on the verge of bankruptcy;
  • true income is hidden;
  • the company is in crisis.

Each of the reasons represents a risk for the financial institution not to return the loaned money.

In order for the bankers to gain confidence, the entrepreneur, in addition to the usual package of documents, must provide the bank with other papers:

  • passport with registration or residence permit;
  • a completed application form (the form is issued by the bank);
  • application;
  • business plan (the requirements for it are quite stringent);
  • certificate from the Federal Tax Service;
  • documents on collateral and independent appraisal;
  • IP data (name and other details);
  • extracts from the bank servicing the current account of the individual entrepreneur and its owner, as an individual;
  • guarantors with documents and certificates of financial solvency.

If all the documents are in order, there is property worthy of the value of the loan, and the guarantors call for material and moral trust, then the loan will be approved.

Small business support centers for lending without collateral and guarantors

You can apply to such an institution with a minimum initial amount, but with an interesting idea. Also, with a zero declaration, it is in such organizations that they help to establish a business, correct errors and improve work.

The support center works specifically with entrepreneurs in their region, locality. The main condition is that your business idea must be relevant for the area where the IP will deploy its activities.

It is not necessary to have a business plan - you will be helped to compose it or correct the shortcomings of the existing one. The body will help to resolve organizational issues and correctly draw up IP documents.

Getting a loan through the Small Business Support Center is easier than doing it yourself. Banks' confidence in this organization is high. In each region there are banks with which the Center cooperates.

Entrepreneur requirements:

  • responsibility, serious attitude;
  • a complete package of necessary documents;
  • business plan;
  • guarantee of representatives of the Center (if necessary).

Without a guarantee and collateral, an individual entrepreneur with a zero declaration cannot receive a loan, even by contacting the IB Support Center. The way out is a consumer loan for physical. face.

If an entrepreneur is a conscientious taxpayer, does not have any debts to financial and credit organizations, is not blacklisted by the banking system, has just started his business and has all the prerequisites for the successful development of entrepreneurship, then there will be no problems obtaining a loan. The only question is the amount of the loan.

Banks limit the amount of money that can be issued without guarantors and collateral. There are practices when a loan is issued against the security of manufactured products. This may be a crop of sunflower grains, construction projects.

As for residential buildings, this procedure is widely used in Russia. The bank in this case acts as a customer, owner, investor until the building is put into operation.

During the period of monetary relations of purchase and sale with such real estate, all operations pass through the creditor bank. The system often leads to a violation of the law by both parties due to miscalculations in the business plan and force majeure during construction and sales.

From a review of all methods of lending to individual entrepreneurs from scratch, the conclusion is that: the only bank that lends, and selects a suitable business, and brings together with the right partners, and teaches the first basics of start-up entrepreneurs is Sberbank of Russia.

In other cases, you should be patient, try to win a grant to create an IP and, after 3-6 months of positive dynamics, apply for a guaranteed loan for your IP in any other bank.

In other cases, limit yourself to obtaining a consumer loan without guarantors, without collateral.

The main point is that there must be own funds accumulated for the business.

Is it possible to take a consumer loan for a business and what are the alternative options for supporting small businesses? Watch the next video:

Oct 24, 2017 Benefit Help

You can ask any question below

Evgeny Smirnov

# Business loans

Conditions and requirements of banks

A bank loan is not the only form of lending available to individual entrepreneurs and LLCs. There are alternative ways to attract finance to a business, which will also be discussed in this article.

Article navigation

  • Why banks are reluctant to issue loans to start a business
  • Business Development Loan: Application Procedure
  • Features of lending to IP and LLC
  • List of documents for obtaining a loan
  • What do you need to get a loan
  • How to get a loan to open and expand a business
  • Requirements for the borrower
  • How to increase your chances of getting a loan
  • Which banks give loans
  • Consumer loans
  • Business loans
  • Alternative lending options
  • Results

For the dynamic development of the small and medium-sized business sector, the state needs to provide entrepreneurs with access to inexpensive loans. Growing a business from scratch is often impossible without additional funding.

The operating business, gaining access to new sources of investment, increases profits and becomes a reliable borrower for the bank. Active, solvent businessmen with profitable assets at their disposal are considered by the bank as a more reliable and disciplined audience of borrowers.

Why banks are reluctant to issue loans to start a business

The economic conditions in Russia have developed in such a way that banks are reluctant to lend to individual entrepreneurs and legal entities. At the same time, the conditions under which loans are issued do not always correspond to the profitability threshold of an entrepreneur interested in financing.

Russian banks are even less willing to provide a loan for a new business from scratch. The problem lies in the risks to which banks are exposed. The low percentage of approved loans for business creation and expansion confirms this. But distrust of startups has its own logic and is easily explained by such arguments as:

  • a business that exists only on paper does not inspire confidence in the credit commission;
  • a novice entrepreneur often does not have a positive credit history, which increases the risks;
  • a business that is not yet functioning cannot be guaranteed to generate profit to pay off a loan;
  • a business created from scratch often does not have property that could act as collateral;
  • a loan to start a business must be supported by a well-written business plan;
  • taking a loan for a business from scratch, the entrepreneur does not share the risks with the bank.

If an individual entrepreneur or LLC issues a loan for business development, then the chances of a positive decision from the commission increase.

Business Development Loan: Application Procedure

Features of lending to IP and LLC

The organizational form of the enterprise practically does not affect the requirements for the borrower and the procedure for obtaining a business loan. Many banks set identical lending conditions for individual entrepreneurs and LLCs. Differences may relate only to the documents that must be submitted to the bank and the form of guarantee. In particular, an individual entrepreneur must provide a spouse's guarantee, and in order to receive a loan by a limited liability company, the guarantee is signed by all the founders and actual owners of the enterprise.

Also, lending to individual entrepreneurs is characterized by a faster consideration of the application compared to LLC. This is due to the fact that individual entrepreneurs keep financial records in a simplified form, and the credit commission takes less time to assess the solvency of the borrower. For this, special methods of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development are used. To assess the creditworthiness of an LLC, banks often use a more detailed classical financial analysis.

There are few significant differences between lending to individual entrepreneurs and LLCs, but they still exist, and this must be taken into account when applying to the bank.

List of documents for obtaining a loan

To obtain a business loan, the borrower must provide the following documents:

  • notarized constituent documents;
  • taxpayer registration form;
  • a card with samples of signatures and seals;
  • orders on the appointment of officials related to operations on a credit account;
  • licenses and patents;
  • financial statements for the last quarter and the past year;
  • certificate of operations on settlement accounts registered with other banks;
  • certificates confirming the absence of debt to the state;
  • statements on loans opened in other banks.

When applying for a loan secured by material security, the bank requests title documents for collateral. When issuing a loan for the development of an already functioning business, the bank may require agreements with counterparties. And when financing a project from scratch, the credit commission will want to study the business plan. At the same time, different banks practice a different approach to the analysis of the borrower and have the right to require additional documents from the client.

What do you need to get a loan

Lending to small and medium-sized businesses in Russia is in transition, but individual entrepreneurs and legal entities have access to credit, albeit limited. If the business is consistently profitable, has a sufficient material and technical base and all the signs of a prosperous enterprise, then the bank will provide a loan at a rate of 12-15%. In the absence of collateral and a positive credit history, the cost of the loan will be higher.

With a deposit

Business lending for large amounts and for a long period of time in practice is possible only if there is collateral. The bank needs mandatory material guarantees, and therefore the pledge is issued:

  • when buying property acting as collateral;
  • with targeted lending to a functioning business;
  • when applying for a long-term loan for business development;
  • when opening a loan under the state support program.

The presence of collateral increases the chances of a positive decision of the credit commission. In addition, collateral is the basis for lowering the interest rate for using a loan.

Without collateral

Lending to businesses without collateral and guarantors for large amounts exceeding 1 million rubles is not carried out in practice. Banks regard such loans as risky, limiting the maximum loan amount to hundreds of thousands of rubles. But even with these restrictions, the interest rate on an unsecured loan is comparable to offers for individuals.

A business development loan without collateral can be beneficial for individual entrepreneurs and legal entities. persons with a small authorized capital and a high rate of turnover of funds. A cash loan at a high interest rate can be successfully offset by the sharp increase in profitability achieved through additional financing. For example, an increase in working capital before the New Year holidays due to an unsecured loan can have a positive impact on the store's income.

How to get a loan to open and expand a business

In banks that specialize in financing small and medium-sized businesses, there are many lending programs without collateral. An entrepreneur who does not have collateral at his disposal can count on obtaining a loan, but in this case, the annual interest will be higher, and the requirements for business will be tougher. When it comes to lending to a startup, here banks are even more conservative. Despite the fact that many of them declare their readiness to lend to businesses from scratch, in practice such loans are issued extremely rarely. Interest on such loans is comparable to microloans.

An unshakable argument for the credit commission is a stable business that generates a profit sufficient to pay off the debt. Therefore, in practice, getting a loan to start a business from scratch is very difficult.

Requirements for the borrower

Unlike consumer loans, the amounts of which usually do not exceed hundreds of thousands of rubles, in the business lending niche, loans are measured in tens of millions of rubles. Big loans mean big risks. Therefore, banks, in order to immediately weed out an insolvent audience, set a number of requirements for the borrower:

  • no outstanding loans;
  • timely payment of taxes;
  • legitimacy of business activity.

The higher the requirements of the bank, the more favorable credit conditions it will be able to offer. In such a situation, an entrepreneur can almost always receive funds for business development - the only question is the conditions. Unsecured loans for developing businesses imply conditions comparable to consumer loans for individuals.

How to increase your chances of getting a loan

When issuing a loan to start a business, the bank uses a multi-stage check of the borrower's solvency. A significant indicator of the client's reliability is his credit history. The discipline of the borrower is the factor that primarily determines whether the money will be issued or not. By the way, bad credit history is better than none at all.

In order for the chances of obtaining a loan to be real, the business must consistently make a profit over the past few reporting periods. The positive dynamics of the enterprise for which funding is requested is a green light for the credit commission. In addition, if a company has a liquid material base at its disposal, the chances of obtaining a loan for development are significantly increased.

If an entrepreneur decides to open a business by taking a loan from a bank for these purposes, then he must present a detailed business plan to the bank, in which:

  • describe the essence of your idea;
  • provide a detailed implementation algorithm;
  • make all calculations;
  • take into account the main risks.

The business plan is subjected to detailed analysis by the credit commission. It must be compiled competently and in detail, because for the bank it acts as an indicator of the borrower's competence. Having a business plan, however, does not guarantee that the bank will give you the money you need. In this case, a guarantee from third parties will help to increase the chances of obtaining a loan for a business. But it is more reasonable for a resourceful entrepreneur to borrow money directly from a potential guarantor than to involve a bank in the procedure.

Which banks give loans

Traditionally, small and medium businesses are financed by state and large commercial banks. To date, many institutions are the most active creditors of entrepreneurial activity.

Consumer loans

Consumer lending is a more expensive loan product, which is characterized by a low percentage of refusals. Suitable for small private enterprises with a high capital turnover rate.

Bank Loan terms Interest rate Amount of credit
(rubles)
Promsvyazbank Up to 84 months From 6.9% Up to 3 million
Alfa-Bank Cash loan Up to 84 months From 11.99% Up to 4 million
Home Credit Bank Up to 84 months From 10.9% Up to 1 million
Sovcombank Up to 84 months From 8.9% Up to 400 thousand
Tinkoff Up to 36 months From 12% Up to 2 million
Oriental Up to 70 months From 9.9% Up to 3 million
Renaissance Credit Up to 70 months From 10.5% Up to 700 thousand
Sberbank Up to 84 months From 11.9% Up to 5 million

Business loans

Getting this type of loan is more difficult, but the rate for them is slightly lower. You can contact the following banks:

Bank/Loan program Loan terms Interest rate Loan amount (rubles)
Sovcombank Superplus Up to 120 months From 11.9% Up to 30 million
Sberbank Trust Up to 36 months From 15.5% Up to 3 million
Sberbank Business Trust Up to 48 months From 15.5% Up to 3 million
VTB Express Up to 60 months 13 to 16% Up to 5 million
AK Bars Development Up to 60 months Individual calculation individually
Promsvyazbank Business Up to 180 months Individual calculation Up to 250 million
UBRD "Business Growth" Up to 24 months From 16% Up to 1 million

If the owner of a developing business has collateral, it will not be difficult to take a loan for the further development of his own business. The largest banks of the Russian Federation are ready to offer such clients low interest rates and flexible repayment terms. The situation is different with those who enter the business with zero capital, relying only on credit funds. Banks set more stringent conditions for this category of borrowers, limiting the maximum loan amount and repayment period.

Alternative lending options

A bank loan is not the only form of lending available to individual entrepreneurs and LLCs. There are alternative ways to raise finance for a business. Among them:

  • Express loan is a form of lending in which a company can take out a loan within a few hours without collateral.
  • Purchase of collateral property - allows you to buy the tangible assets necessary for the business with a deferred payment. If the company needs office equipment or furniture, you can purchase all this under the program for the liquidation of collateral.
  • Overdraft is a form of quick credit for a short period of time for settlements with counterparties.
  • Factoring is a convenient way of crediting receivables.
  • Refinancing - repeated lending to a business in order to repay loans to the borrower in other banks.

Results

Small businesses, no matter what difficulties they face in the Russian legal field, have real access to loans. To do this, it is enough to provide title documents, tax reporting, contracts and management documentation, information about accounts in other banks, data on payment discipline, as well as papers necessary for registration of collateral.

Having a package of documents for a business that generates income, an entrepreneur will receive a loan on favorable terms. If we talk about such a service as a loan to start a business from scratch, then in the Russian market such loans are issued infrequently. In order to receive the money, the entrepreneur must provide a detailed business plan, product prototypes, project documentation and other “evidence base” that will force the loan commission to take a risk and finance a startup. But even in this case, there is no guarantee to receive funds on the same terms as a functioning business is financed.

If we talk about individual entrepreneurs, then businessmen often take a regular consumer loan for an individual and use it for business purposes. In this case, the advantages are obvious: you will be able to receive money quickly and without collateral, you will not need to collect an impressive package of documents to the bank and wait for the bank's specialists to analyze them, and then make a decision on issuing a loan.

For newcomers to business who have not worked even 3 months, this way of obtaining money for the development of the company may be the only one. Banks, unfortunately, refuse to lend to startups. But you should not count on large sums, by issuing a consumer loan for an individual without collateral, you can get no more than 500-700 thousand rubles.

Loan in a microfinance organization

Surely you have heard of such companies that offer loans quickly, “up to salary” to individuals. Some of them provide services to small and medium-sized businesses, so you can borrow a small amount and for a short time from them.

In addition to private microfinance organizations, there are state-owned ones that provide loans for businesses from the state budget. These are various funds for the support and development of small businesses, small business lending funds, microfinance centers.

You can get no more than 1 million rubles from a microfinance organization and, as a rule, a loan is issued for a period of no more than a year. The interest rate is different and an individual approach is applied to each. The most attractive interest rate for state-owned MFIs is much lower than for private ones, but you will have to work harder to get a loan. Commercial microfinance organizations request a minimum of information, but the overpayment on the loan is significant. The package of documents required for obtaining a loan should be specified in a particular MFI.

Before choosing an organization from which you will take a loan, make sure that it is included in the state register and has the right to carry out microfinance activities.

It is convenient to use the services of microfinance organizations if you urgently need money for a short period of time and there is no time to wait until the bank approves the loan. But when a business needs a larger amount for the implementation of a project, the purchase of expensive equipment or its own office, then lending programs for small and medium-sized businesses in banks should be considered.

Bank business development loan

Now almost all major banks offer loans to small and medium-sized businesses on favorable terms. The loan amount can be from several hundred thousand rubles to tens of millions, and the main advantage is a low interest rate from 14 to 27%, depending on the bank. But getting a loan for business development is not so easy.

Firstly, large sums are provided only to firms that have worked on the market for at least six months and are dealing with profit. In addition, banks are actively studying credit history, so it must be perfect.

Secondly, to obtain a loan for business development, you will definitely need property secured or a guarantor, and sometimes banks require both of these conditions to be met simultaneously. Depending on the purpose of the loan, various property can act as collateral: real estate, car, goods, equipment, personal property of the entrepreneur. The guarantors are the owners of the business, and for an individual entrepreneur, the guarantee of a spouse or a third party is required. If your collateral is not enough to secure the loan, then a guarantee fund can also act as a guarantor. More on this a little later.

Third, be ready to provide the bank with all the necessary documents. A specific list needs to be clarified in each bank, approximately it looks like this:

  • statement;
  • founding documents;
  • tax return;
  • financial statements or KUDiR;
  • clearly developed business plan of the enterprise.

Then you will need to wait for some time while the bank analyzes your documents and makes a decision on granting a loan. The term for consideration of the application can take from 3 to 14 days.

Getting a loan through guarantee funds

If the bank refuses to give you a loan due to insufficient security under the loan agreement, i.e. your property is not enough for collateral, then the guarantee fund can act as a guarantor. Guarantee funds can also be funds to support small and medium-sized businesses and business development centers in the regions.

Of course, funds provide a guarantee for a fee. On average, the amount of the fund's remuneration is up to 2.5% per annum of the guarantee amount. You will have to pay this amount to the fund immediately upon conclusion of the contract.

To obtain a loan, you can apply either directly to the guarantee fund, or get a loan through a bank that cooperates with the fund under the guarantee program. The procedure for considering the application and the package of required documents is similar, only the loan agreement will be tripartite: with you, the bank and the guarantee fund.

Credit in USN tax

Finally, consider the accounting of borrowed funds in the USN tax. The money received under the loan agreement is not taxed by the simplified tax system, since it is not recognized as your income (Article 346.15, paragraph 1, paragraph 1, Article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). If you apply the simplified tax system “Income minus expenses”, then you have the right to take into account interest on the loan in expenses (clause 9, clause 1, article 346.16 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). The repayment amounts of the loan itself (debt body) are not taken into account. According to the legislation, interest can be written off as expenses, provided that their amount does not differ by more than 20% from the average level for similar loans. Otherwise, you can write off only interest calculated at the refinancing rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, increased by 1.8 times, as expenses. At the moment, it is 14.85%. Interest is taken into account in the expenses of the simplified tax system on the date of their actual payment.

And although the economy is going through hard times, banks are still quite willing to give loans to small businesses. The main task of an entrepreneur is to get the best loan conditions. Here are 7 steps that an individual entrepreneur or legal entity needs to take in order to get a loan to develop their business.

Step 1

Decide what needs to borrow

An individual entrepreneur or a legal entity can take a loan without collateral and for any purpose in almost any bank. Only the rates will be high, and the conditions for obtaining a loan are quite tough. Therefore, when planning to take a loan for business development, an entrepreneur must decide in advance for what purposes he will spend the money received. By specifying why you need money, you can choose a loan with a lower rate.

It is believed that there are good and bad reasons for getting a loan.

Good reasons include: the acquisition and modernization of equipment, the construction or purchase of real estate, a car. The bank may set a condition for up to 70% of the loan to be used for such capital investments in fixed assets. As a pledge, you can register the acquired property or goods, as well as raw materials and semi-finished products purchased for credit funds for production. In these cases, the rate may be lower than for an unspecified purpose loan.

Bad grounds are the repayment of other loans, current losses, or the acquisition of non-core assets. In these cases, borrowers are subject to more stringent conditions for obtaining a loan.

Step 2

Decide how much money to borrow

An individual entrepreneur or a legal entity can take out a loan and 150 thousand rubles, and 200 million rubles, depending on the purpose. So that the representatives small business no problem getting a loan, you must immediately decide how much to ask. It is believed that many entrepreneurs asking for less than they actually need. Underestimating the required amount can lead to problems due to a lack of working capital before the money borrowed begins to pay off.

At the same time, it is not necessary to act according to the principle "Ask for more - they will give less." If entrepreneur will try take a bank loan for too large an amount, then this may raise questions about the reliability of an individual entrepreneur or LLC.

planning get a business loan, you need to weigh everything, evaluate the budget, backing up your loan application with a financial forecast (profit / loss balance sheet, cash flow statement). This will allow the entrepreneur himself to better calculate his actions in the future, and perhaps show the creditor that IP or LLC carefully plans your business.

Step 3

Check whether the individual entrepreneur or LLC meets the requirements that the bank imposes on the borrower

Issuing business development loan, especially without collateral, banks, as a rule, impose special requirements on borrowers. Therefore, it is important for an entrepreneur to know what lenders want and to know what it takes to meet those expectations.

Age.One of the conditions for issuing a loan may be the age of the borrower. For example, from 23 to 60 years.

Time in business.Some lenders lend money and provide better loan terms to those businessmen who have been in business for a certain period of time. It may differ for different activities. For example, for retail trade - more than 6 months, for wholesale - at least 18 months, and manufacturing companies - the minimum period in business can be 2 years.

Credit history. A good credit history will show the lender that the entrepreneur is a reliable borrower, which will undoubtedly increase the chances of obtaining a loan on favorable terms.

Cash flow report. The main thing you need to know when you want to get a business development loan is that the bank may require, and most likely will require, to provide financial statements on the movement of funds. This can be a tax return, books of income and expenses, bank statements on total monthly turnover, etc. These documents show the entrepreneur's ability to successfully repay the loan. It is on the basis of them that the decision to issue a loan for business development will most likely be made.

Step 4

Find a lender

Having understood why and how much money is needed, it is time for an entrepreneur to choose a lender. These can be both banks and other credit organizations or even private investors who are ready to provide interest-bearing business development loan.

Commercial banks : This is the best option for traditional loans with standard loan terms.

Non-bank credit organizations : these are credit institutions that have the right to carry out certain banking operations that are established by the Central Bank.

Other creditors: small local banks and other lenders who are interested in the economic development of a particular area or industry.

Private investors : An individual entrepreneur or LLC with a bad credit history can try to take out a private loan against receipt. This method of receiving money is becoming more and more popular among both investors who earn on interest and entrepreneurs who urgently need money.

Step 5

Choose a loan program and apply to a credit organization

Before contacting the bank, it is important to study the loan offers of various organizations. Calculation of eligible costs for servicing the loan, based on the amount and repayment period. Important parameters are the interest rate and the method of accruing interest, the presence and amount of additional commissions, fines and other payments, the possibility and procedure for early repayment, as well as deferral of the loan.

Some banks offer individual entrepreneurs or legal entities to apply for a loan over the Internet - online. On the websites of many credit organizations there are online calculators that will help you choose the optimal rate and loan term.

A bank specialist will make an appointment, familiarize you with the list of documents required for obtaining a loan, and answer your questions.

Step 6

Prepare a package of documents for a loan application

In every bank a package of documents for obtaining a loan for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses different, it can also change with different types of lending. But, as a rule, such a package includes:

Application for a loan and a questionnaire of guarantors in the form of a bank;

Constituent and registration documents of a legal entity / individual entrepreneur

Financial statements

Documents on economic activity

Other.

A complete list of required documents will be provided to an entrepreneur at a credit institution that an individual entrepreneur or LLC chooses to receive a loan.

Step 7

Sign the contract and wait for the money

Expect loan approval for sole proprietorship or small business As a rule, it takes 3-5 days from the date of submission of the full package of documents.

Before signing the contract, check whether all its conditions correspond to those that you agreed with the bank in advance. Carefully read the text marked with an asterisk or small print: the bank may include in the contract its right to change the interest rate, terms and other conditions.

The bank can transfer funds to the current account legal entity or individual entrepreneur, as well as to the deposit account of an individual - the owner of the business.

These are typical